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Content Moderation in the Global South

How well do content moderation systems serve users outside dominant English-speaking contexts—especially those posting online or accessing services using indigenous and other widely-spoken languages?

Each of the four case studies surveyed social media users and interviewed Trust & Safety practitioners, content moderators, content creators, and digital rights advocates to examine how content policies are defined, enforced, and experienced in each region. We also explored the role of automated systems like natural language processing (NLP) and large language models (LLMs), and how these systems could be built given the low availability of digitized data in many of these languages.

Our findings reveal significant gaps in how platforms moderate across languages and regions—highlighting the need for more inclusive, transparent, and locally informed systems. The project produced five reports: one comparative analysis and four region-specific briefs. Each report is available in English and the relevant local language.

Our goal is to support more equitable content governance, inform future research, and ensure that content moderation better reflects the needs of diverse communities around the world.

Reports in the Series

Comparative Study

Comparative Study

This report compares and synthesizes the insights gained from studying the four regions (South Asia, North and East Africa, and South America) & presents recommendations for improving content moderation in low-resource languages of the Global South.
Moderating Quechua Content on Social Media

Moderating Quechua Content on Social Media

The main findings suggest that Quechua social media users face many problems when posting on social media including when compared to those that post in Spanish, pointing to a new form of linguistic inequity.
Moderating Tamil Content on Social Media

Moderating Tamil Content on Social Media

This report examines the online experiences of Tamil users and explores the challenges of applying consistent content moderation processes for this language.
Moderating Kiswahili Content on Social Media

Moderating Kiswahili Content on Social Media

One of the few African languages benefiting from human moderation is Kiswahili, a language that is spoken by over 100 million people in East and some parts of Central Africa. In this report, we investigate how the content moderation systems of select online platforms deal with user-generated content in Kiswahili.
Moderating Maghrebi Arabic Content on Social Media

Moderating Maghrebi Arabic Content on Social Media

Tech companies should improve their moderation of Maghrebi Arabic dialects to avoid perpetuating the legacy of colonialism that has already marred the language, culture, and economy in this region. The errors in the algorithms and misunderstandings by moderators are issues that can be resolved with the right intentions and efforts.
'These platforms were not made for us.' Many content creators and digital rights advocates expressed this sentiment as we interviewed them for a recent study evaluating how Tamil speakers experienced content moderation on social media.

Aliya Bhatia

Senior Policy Analyst, CDT

Quoted in an op-ed in The Hindu

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